I am a cleared engineer, so I needed a certain clearance level. So this experience is probably unique, compared to experiences had by people on the public teams. This took place during COVID so it was fully online. I got follow-up from a recruiter the day after applying. I got my first screening interview within a week. Before that took place, I had a 30 minute phone conversation with my recruiter to talk about any concerns I may have. The screening interview was a simple chat with a team member, mixed in with a quick competency check. Something that was on the same level as FizzBuzz. If you do okay here, your recruiter follows up within a day or so and you get a series of 4 back-to-back interviews set-up. Another 30 minute conversation with my recruiter before this series of interviews. The interviews were all conducted by the actual team members I would be working with, so it was in my best effort to ask them meaningful questions about the work I would do, and get to know them personally. They were all wonderful, and speaking today, I am proud to work with such an amazing team.
Anywho, these interviews are 1 hour blocks. Typically the way they would work is the first 15 minutes would be questions they had for you (behavioral, prior experience, etc), the next 30 minutes, you would be solving a technical problem. The cool thing is, is that the interviewer doesn't want to watch you fail and burn. Some of them I had real trouble with, but the interviewer would almost always step in and offer hints or guide me in a productive direction if I was getting off course. In one case, it almost felt like the interviewer and I were discussing and solving the problem as if we were on a team together, and it was something we were assigned. It felt good. The 4th interview at Microsoft is sort of different. You only get it if I believe atleast 2 of the 3 prior interviews had gone well. The 4th interview will be conducted by someone up the chain in your org. In my case, it was my manager's manager, a principle software manager with a PhD, 2 Master's degrees, and 2 bachelor's degrees. This guy, was incredibly intellectual, and let me tell you, no amount of crunching Leetcodes out will have ever prepared me for the hour I spent with him. In the end, it was the most profoundly positive experience I had ever had interviewing with anyone. Period. The questions he had for me felt custom tailored to things he discovered I had personal interest in, and he even taught me a thing or two. It was great.
Anyways, maybe 4 days later I get a call from my recruiter with an offer. I negotiated a higher offer and received something I was happy with within 3 days.